A chemical byproduct, or metabolite, created as the body breaks down ketamine likely holds the secret to its rapid antidepressant action, NIH scientists and grantees have discovered.

After herpesviruses infect a cell, their genomes are assembled into specialized protein structures called nucleosomes. Many cellular enzyme complexes can modulate these structures to either promote or inhibit the progression of infection.

Researchers from NIH have identified a class of sensory neurons (nerve cells that electrically send and receive messages between the body and brain) that can be activated by stimuli as precise as the pulling of a single hair.

A protein called COUP-TFII determines whether a mouse embryo develops a male reproductive tract, according to researchers at NIH and their colleagues at Baylor College of Medicine.

NIH scientists have filled a research gap by developing a laboratory model to study ticks that transmit flaviviruses, such as Powassan virus. Powassan virus was implicated in the death of a New York man earlier this year.

The benefits of regularly consuming peanut-containing foods early in life to prevent the development of peanut allergy persist even after stopping peanut consumption for 1 year, new clinical trial findings show.

Marijuana use disorder is common in the United States, is often associated with other substance use disorders, behavioral problems and disability and goes largely untreated, according to a new study conducted by NIAAA.

Our eyes constantly send bits of information about the world around us to our brains where the information is assembled into objects we recognize. Along the way, a series of neurons in the eye uses electrical and chemical signals to relay the information.

A randomized clinical trial of 100 patients found that diet and exercise—alone or combined—improved exercise capacity in obese older patients with a particular type of heart failure.

An analysis funded by the National Eye Institute has identified three genes that contribute to the most common type of glaucoma. The study increases the total number of such genes to 15.