Summer 1996 was a watershed season for Dr. Mary Ann Guadagno, who retired recently as a senior scientific review officer (SRO) in the Center for Scientific Review.

When Sandi Franklin first joined the Center for Scientific Review (then Division of Research Grants) as a messenger in 1988, paper-based communication ruled. The amount of paper-based mail, including grant applications and intra-NIH correspondence, was voluminous.