According to a new study, people with small airways relative to the size of their lungs may have a lower breathing capacity and, consequently, an increased risk for COPD—even if they don’t smoke or have any other risk factors.

African Americans who smoke are nearly 2.5 times more likely to have a stroke than those who never smoked, while former smokers show a similarly lower risk as never smokers, according to a new study funded by NIH.

Molecules released into the blood following mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) may be indicators of neuronal damage associated with conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression.

Babies born prematurely who require treatment to prevent blindness from retinopathy of prematurity could be treated with a dose of Avastin (bevacizumab) that is a fraction of the dose commonly used for ROP currently.

A study suggests that sleep problems among children who have a sibling with autism spectrum disorder may further raise the likelihood of an ASD diagnosis, compared to at-risk children who do not have difficulty sleeping.

An experiment in mice using disulfiram, which has been used to treat alcohol-use disorder for more than 50 years, normalized body weight and reversed metabolic damage in obese middle-age mice of both sexes.

A new medication that targets part of the brain’s stress system may help reduce alcohol use in people with alcohol use disorder (AUD).

New findings suggest that all adults, including those over 65, should be mindful of risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

A mutation in the gene of a white blood cell protein contributes to the severity of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection.

NIAID has launched a clinical trial of a vaccine candidate intended to prevent Zika virus infection. The study will evaluate the vaccine’s safety and ability to generate an immune system response.